Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
81.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
6.70 |
36.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
9.60 |
52.20 |
82.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
2.10 |
11.40 |
17.92 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
6.20 |
33.70 |
52.98 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
0.96 |
5.22 |
8.20 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
3.40 |
18.46 |
29.03 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.99 |
5.38 |
8.46 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.13 |
0.71 |
1.11 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
260.0 |
1 413.0 |
2 221.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
0.62 |
14.19 |
22.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
2.82 |
15.33 |
24.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
2.80 |
15.22 |
23.93 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
20.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
370.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
6 000.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 030.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
19.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
35.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
400.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 120 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 220 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.68 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
23.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
28.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
17.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
7.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
14.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.88 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|